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' 5 Sheets-$heet 1. S. T. HOLLY.

' v Grain Binder. No. 65,746. I Patented June 11. 1867.

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' 5 Shets-Shet 3. T. HOLLY.

Grain Binder.

No. 65,746. Patented June 11,1867.

.lmrenior,

. -5 Sheets-Sheet 4. S. T. HULL!- ,Grain Binder.

Patented June 11, 1867.

VI I- l ll v i/Q'Znesses,

15% W4 #6 {imw seen no N T. noL r, or ROCKFORD, iLLINOI-S! mm Potent No 65,746, dated June 11. 1867.

IMPROVEMENT IN GRAIN-BINDEES.

diin ficlgnnxn ttlttttil in in time Enters. haunt in making and flllllt'fillmt.

To 'ALL WHOM IT MAY CONCERN:

Be it known that I, SOLOMON T. HOLLY, of Rockford, in the county of Winnebngo; and State of Illinois,

hove invented certain new and useful Improvements in-Binding Apparatus for Binding Grain sud other articles to which they may be applicable; and that-the following is a full,,cleer. and exact deseriptionof-my invention, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 represents an elevation of u binding apparatus for binding grain, embodying my invention, with the parts in-the positions they occupy-when ready to receive a gavel of grain.

Figure 2 represents a view of certain of the parts in the shove-stated positions, the frame being removed to permit them to be seen. p

Figure 3 represents an elevation of the binding upperatus with npart of the frame removed, and with the members in the positions they occupy when the gavel has been compressed and surrounded with binding mate,- rial, and the cord-securing instrument is ready to secure the band..

Figure 4 re resents a, fragment of tho gearing-ring and the pinion that transmits motion to the'band-securing instrument. l v

Figure 5 rcpresents'a plan of the apparstul Figure 6 represents at side elevation of it.

Figure 7 represents a view of it with half of the frame, ring-carrienand gearing removed, and looking towurdsthe bend-securing instrument. D t Figure 8 represents an enlarged view of the cord-twister opened for the reception of binding material; and .Figures 9 and 10 represent cross-sections of it at the lines :0 in and yyof fig. 8.

Figure 11 represents an edge view of a part of the ring-carrier and themembers connected therewith.

Figure 12 represents ll face view of the same with the fixed jaw of the cord-holder and the cap of the stop mechanism removed. I p

Figure 13 represents the fixed jaw of the cord-holder removed from fig. 12 and reversedto show its inner face. i i

. Figure 14 represents the rear side of the gearing-ring and ring-carrier, and their. appurtenances, withths guard-plate of the strap-holder removed.

Figures 8 to 13 inclusive are drawn upon is larger scale than the other figures.

The principal object of the invention which eonstitutes the subject-mutter of this patent is to enable the bend-securing instrument, and the devices for applying the binding materiel to the gavel, and for compressing the gavel, to be all operated by the movement of the same driving-sheft, and yet to 'p'ermit the band-securing instrument to secure the band, while it and the band-applying aiid compressing devices are at rest. In accompl ishin this object I have invented certain new combinations of the principal membersfof binding apparatus; I

have also invented an improved band-securing instrument, and have so constructed and combined certain parts of my appurntusthnt-they perform several functions, thus lessening the number of parts. My invention therefore may be divided into parts, more or less of which may be used, as deemed expedienflalthough I believe the f best results will be attained where all parts of my invention are used'in combination'in'the same machine.

The first pnrt of my invention consists of the arrangement of the instrument for securing the band, and that for carrying. thecompressing-strep at the'opposite sides of the ring-carrier which carries both around'the' position of the gavel, so that the said carrier intervenes between the binding material and the compressingstrap, and prevents one from interfering with tho othor. v

. My invention consists furtherof the combinu tion of the jaws of n OOl-drllOldGl' with shear-blades for severing the binding material, so that the binding material is severed by the movement of one of the said jaws after.-

they have seized upon the said material.

My invention consists further of a cord-twister, composed of an arbor and two jaws, one of which is constructed to move towards and from the other in the direction of the length of said arbor. A

' My invention consists further of the combination of a. ring-carrier, or itsequivnlent, for carrying a cord holder or a. detachable strep-holder, or an instrument performing the function of either-one of the above two, around a gnvel of grain, with the driving-shaft for applying power to the ringvcsrricr, with the band-securing sense 2 instrument, and with connecting and disconnecting mechanism, so that the band-securing instrument maybe operated by the driving-shaft of. the ring-carrier, vor its equivslcna-srhen'this last instrument is disconnected. irom the said driving-shaft. v Y 7 My invention consists further of thecombinaticn of theband-securing instrument and a ring-carrier, or its equivalent for carrying the binding material around the gavel, with a gearing-ring, for transmitting. power to the build-scouring instrument, that is independent of said ring-carrier, and with connecting and disconnecting mechanism; so that, although the gearing-ring is-moved when the ring-carrier is turned, the ring-carriermay be disconnected from the gearing-ring and remain at rest while the band-securing instrument is being operated. My invention consists further of the combination of the band-securing instrument\vith a gearing-ring that encircles the position occupied by the gavel of grain inlthe'binding apparatus, so that the band-securing intruinent may be operated to secure the band by turning said gearing-ring. I

' My invention consists further of the combination of the detent of the detachable. strapbolder with the gearing-ring and ring-carrier, in such manner that said dctent forms part of the mechanism for connecting and disconnecting the gearing-ring. and the ring-carrier, or its equivalent. I

My invention consists further of the combination of the detent oi the detachable strap-holder, with the I ring-carrier and its driving-shaft, in such manner thatsn'id dctent forms part of. the mechanism for connecting and disconnecting the said driving-shaft and ring-carrier, or its equivalent. I I

7 My inventionconsists further of the combination of 'tl1e opening lever or other a-ppurtenancc of the bandsecuring instrument, with the gearing-ring and ring-carrier in such manner that said nppurtcnancc forms part of the mechanism'for connecting and disconnecting the gearing-ring and the ring-carrier.

My invention consists further of the combination oi the opening iever or other appurtenance ofthe bandsecuring instrument, with: the ring carrier and its driving-shaft, in such manner that said nppurtenance forms part of the mechanism'for connecting and di s'connecting the said driving-shaft and ring-carrier, or its equivalent.

My invention consists further of thecombinntion of the band-securing instrument with the latch of the mechanism for connecting and disconnecting the gearing-ring'and the ring-carrier, in such manner that said latch acts as a catch to. hold the jaws of the band-securing instrument open for the reception of binding material.

My invention consists further of the combination of a gearing-ring surrounding the position of the gavel of'gr ain, with the detect that controls a detachable holder for the compressing-strap, with a detachable strap-.

holder, with a ring-carrier for said strap-holder, and with connecting and. disconnecting mechanism, in such manner that the said detent is operated by the said gcaringqing.

1 My invontioniconsists further of the combination of the stop-mechanism of thering-carrier with the cordholder, so that thecord-holder is opened by the action of said stop-mechanism. I

My invention consists furtherof the combiriationof' the stop-mechanism of the'ring-carricr with the shearblade for severing the binding material, so that the shear-blade is caused to do,its work by the action of said stop-mechanism;

My invention consists further ofdthe combination of the stop-latchcs of the ring-carrier with a stop formcd .of parts, one of which yields to permitthe projection of one 'of saidvlatches as required in the operation oi the apparatus, and subsequently resumes its place in the machine. v

My invention consists further of the combination of the movable jaw of the cord-holder with a hand-lever ,or trigger, by which it may beyeadily opened to apply-the cord. v v, I My invention consists further of-a. peculiarcord-guide for guiding the binding material, said. guide consist-- big-substantially 'of a V-forme'd instrument providedwith a gate, .which permits 'thc entrnncc of the binding 7 material to the crotch of the guidc,'but prevents its. escape.

My invention consists further ofthe combination of the projection ortongue that retains the binding mn ,terial in the track of the band-securing instrument or of the cord-holder, with the driving-shaft of the binding apparatus through. the intervention, oi a cum or other instrumonln the whole operating in such manner that the position of the projection atbdiii'erent periods in the operation-of binding is varied as required by the movement of the driving-shaft. j I l I v i My invention consists further of the combination of the said projection or tongue with binding apparatus, in. such manner thatthe former may be moved lateral-ly'to thetrack' of the cord-holder, so that it may be withdrawn from the track of th'c' binding .matcrinl while the'lu'tter being drawn past its position over the gavel, and may then be inserted in-thextrack of the'binding material to bar itscscape fromztho' cord-holder or bandsecuring instrument. 7 i Q i The accompanying drawings represent abinding apparatus'embodying allmy improvements, and Of'shitable form to be applied to a reaping machine, so as-to bind the gavcls of grain which may be delivered to the apparatus, either by the operation of a rake worked by hand or by automatic rakingmechanism, as found expedient. The principal members .of the apparatus that effect the application of the compressing-strap and the binding material to the gavel, and the securing of the band, are sustained by amctallic frame composed of two ringframe's AA, and their connections. The'said members consist,'first, of-Ya detachable strap-holder, B, for carrying the compressing-strap aroundthe gavel and releasing and recatching its end when the gavel is bound; second, of a cord-holder, C, which holds the end of, the cord or other :bin'ding material that is carried around the gavel; and third, of a band-twister, which sccures the band aroundthe gavel, and constitutes the bandsecuring instrument-of the apparatus; These three instruments are an secured to a ring-carrier, E, which is of suficient diameter ihtornally to admit a loose gavel of grain of the sizercqnired fora sheaf, and is held by friction-wheels F F F, whose grooved rims receive and embrace its rim. The detachable strap-holder is arranged upon one side of the ring-carrier, and the cord-holder andthe 'cord-twisterat theothcr side thereof, so that the ring-carrier intervenes between the binding material and the compressing-strap, andprovonts' the two from r a cam interfering with each other. The side at which the twister is placed, may,.l'or the Suite of distinction be called the face of, the ring-carrier, and the other its hinder side. The detachable strap=holdor B is coijstructcd as described in previous patents granted to me for improvements in binding apparatus. It has four forked arms, a, 11, and is pivoted to tho ring carrier.- When carrying the end of the compressing-strap B around the gavel, it is prevented from turning on its pivot by a detent, B, which is pivoted to the ring-carrierrE, and is provided with two heads 6 b, one, 6, oi" which is held in the range of revolution of the arms of the strnjl-holder hy a spring, 'l1,' while the other head, 15, of the detent is at'such distance from the first head that when the latter is disengaged from then-rm oi the strap-holder, by pushing the heads of' thc detent towards the axis of the ring, the second head is thereby interposed to stop the strap-holder" from making more than a quarter of a turn before the first head is, returned to itsplace; hence, when one forked arm of the strap-holder lets go the end of the compressing-strap, the next succeeding forked arm is stopped in place to recntch, the end as the strap is withdrawn from the shoot. This detent is also made topcrform another function in thehiacbine, :n; will be hereinafter described. The compressing-strap is in .this example a leather strap, B, having its end thickened to form a head or knot, bbwhich will notpass through the forked, arms of the strap-holder B In order that the compressing-strap may compress the grain with the requisite force, its rear end is secured to the rim of u wheel, B and the wheel is controlled by a spring, B, whose action is to wind the compressing-strap upon th; wheel, so that the strap compresses the grain with the tension derived from the spring B. The-spring acts upon the wheel B through the intervention of a, band, B, one end of which is secured to and wound upon thchuh of the wheel B". The compressing-'strap'B is conducted to the wheel by pulleys b 6".

-The cord-holder C is of .peouliar construction. It is composed mainly of two members, one of which, 0, is fixed to the ring-carrier, while the other, 0, is movable, beingarranged to move to and fro thereon in the diree-. tion of its periphery. Eachmember is provided with serrated ribbed jaws, ll, to hold the binding material,

- and the ribs of the movable jaw are arranged to enter betweenthose of the fixed jaw, and are pressed towards them' by a spring applied to the binder side of the movoblejaw a, so as to hold the binding materialby griping 'it. The serrations of the jaws, are like saw-teeth, all pointingina downward direction, so that the riseof the movable jaw 0 does nott'endto withdraw the binding material between ghe jaws, while its descent moves the i i material further downward. 'The movable jaw is fitted with two fingers c c, which project crosswise from it at the upper ends of its serrated ribs ll, so that when it is raised those fingers project crosswise over the ends of the serrated ribs of the fixed jaw cyherice, when the binding material is placed beneath said fingers, and the movable jaw is forced, downwards, the binding material is thereby pushed into 'the gripe of the serrated jaws. These fingers, when depressed, are received in recesses formed for the purpose in'the fixed jaw c. The binding material is drawn from a spool, G, which is placed below the position from which the cord-holder starts whon' I, the gavel is tobo encircled with cord, and to whichit isreturned when the hand around the gavel is'roadyto be secured and to be severed-from the remainder of v the material leading to the spool and the material leading from the gavel to thefispool is prevented from rising and retained in the track of the cord-holder, as will be hereafter described, by tho'tonguo or projection d-oi' a notched shield-plate, H; thence, when the cord-holder is being turned by thoring-carrier, and is approaching the end of its revolution, it passes up under the line of binding material extending from the projection of the shield-plate to the spool. In order that this material may then enter readily beneath the fingers cc of the movable jaw a, the upper surface of the fixed jaw is inclined or sloped downwards as it approaches the face of the movable jaw,- so as to guide the binding material under the fingers, which-are then depressed by the downward movement of the movable jaw c to force the material into thegripoof the serrated ribs of the jaws. In order to sever the band around the gavel from the remainder of the-binding material, and to leave the newly formed'endjn the gripe of the'cord-holder, ready for being carried around the succeeding gavel, o knife or shear-blade,-e, is secured to the movable jaw between the serratcd'ribs and the gavel, so as to be moved with. the movable jaw; and another knife-orshear-blade, c, is secured to tho'fixed jaw .0. The "movable knife e isarranged to project crosswise over the binding material as the fingers 0 do, and the fixed kniie, e; is arranged to project crosswise beneath the matcrialfl The distance betwee'ntheedges of the twois greatrthan that between the under sides oftho fingers c and the upper ends of theserrnted ribs of the fixed jaw, so that the blades do not meet to sever the ma-terial'until it has been forced within the gripe of the jaws. The binding material whose end is thus left in the gripeof the jaws leads upward therefrom over the upper side of the fixed jaw, in order to preventthe strain upon the material from pulling it izithe direction of the length of the ribs of the jaws. A belcy hook, e, is appliedto the fixed jaw, between its serrated ribs and the periphery of the ring-carrier. This hook projects across the slit between the ribs of the jaws,-and its upper side is inclined so as to guide the binding material when forced downwards over its point. Hence, when thebinding material is forced downwards between the serrated ribs by the descent of the fingers of the movable jaw c, the binding material ispushed down below the point of the 'belay hook, and, passing boneathit, is thereby hold down when the fingers rise, so that the direction of strain-is of necessity crosswise to the ribs or the serrated jaws The mo voblo jaw a ismoved upwards or opened by means of a slide, I, which is operated, asjwill be hereinafter described, by tho stop-meohanism-of tho ring-carrier. 1

". The cord twister D, for securing the ends o the band, is arranged between the cord-holder and the interior of the ring-carrier; :It has two toothed jaws, da'nd d, one of which, d, is fixed to'an arbor, d. which is fluttened at one'side to receive amovable section, d, while the'othor jaw, cl, is connected by the movable section with asl'eeve, d, that is arrohged to slide longitudinally upon the arbor d but is compelled to turn with it, so that the twister may be opened and closed to admit and seize the ends of thoband by the movement of one jaw, d, towards and from theother, and then the-two jaws may be turned simultaneously to twist the ends of the band. The jaws are provided with teeth, which extend from the periphery of the instrument half way through it, and engage like'thotceth of cog-wheels, so that they bite the binding :material, and holdit secuiely; and in sense 4 .)rder that the material may be bitten with certainty, even when it lies close to the. backs ofthe teeth at the flattened side of the arbor, one jaw. is grooved longitudinally to permit the opposite toothof the sliding jaw to enter it, so that, while the 'flat'tenerlside of the arbor limits the innermost positionof the binding material, the latter is there crossed by the edges of the teeth. In order to increase the security of the bite of the instrument upon the binding material, the sides of'the teeth of the jawsare serrated, so that when they have once engaged with the material a strain upon'the latter causes it to indent itself into the serratio ns of the teeth. The movable jaw d is pressed towards the fixed jaw by means'of a spring, OZ, which is placed in a cavity formed in the arbor (Z of the cord-twister. The movable jaw is moved from the fixed jaw tolopen the cordtwister by means of a lever, J, which extends transversely through a'slot' in the ring-carrier,and is pivoted thereto, with its shank iprojecting at the hinder side of the ring-carrier, where it can be operated, as will hereinafter be described. In order that the cord twister may be turned on its axis to twist the bin'dingmaterial the shank of, its arbor is fitted with a mitre-wheel, k, which gears into a corresponding mitre-wheel, It, .thatis secured to a short shaft, is, fig.4-. This shaft extends transversely j through an opening in the ringcarrier, and is fitted at the hinder side thereof with a'small cog-wheel, k I p In the apparatus represented in the drawings, the ring-carrier is turned, and the detachable strap-holder," 7 cord-holder, and cord-twister (which in this apparatus is the band-securing instrument) are all operated by the application of power to one driving-shaft, L, that ismounted in bearings upon the frame of the binding mechanism, and the power is transmitted to the acting members through the intervention of a cog-wheel, K, (secured to the driving-shaft,) and a gearing-ring, K,' which'is supported by grooved friction-wheels F F F, whose grooves embrace its rim, so that it is' eoncent-ri c with the ring-carrier, and encircles the position occupied by the gavel of grain during binding. In order that the bandesecuring instrument, cord-holder, and detachable strap-holder, with the ribg-carrier may at one time be caused to tu'rn around the gavel of grain. and may at another time remain stationary, while the band-securinginstrument is operated'to secure the band which has been applied to' the gavel, the gearing-ring is, during the former time, connected with the ring-carrier, (so that allthe menu bers then move together,) and during the latter time is disconnected from't-ho ring-carrier, so that the gearingring may be turned to impart motion to the band-securing instrumena while it and.tho other members remain stationary in their places. i, l v v i I v v 5 The direction in which the' gearing ring is turned when disconnected "from the ring-carrier, isa matter of indifference, so far as the principle is concerned, but ljhav e found it convenient to arrange the members of the present apparatus in such manner that the gearing-ring is then turned the reverse direction tot that reqnired for carrying'the binding material around the gavel. The latter direction may, forthe sake of distinction, be' called the forward direction, and the former the backward direction. 'T-he geafing-ring is provided with-an annular set of cog-teeth, m, '(figs. 4 and 7,) which gearinto the cog-wheel upon the transverse shaft of the cord-twister D, and the proportionate'sizes of the annular set of teeth. m and the 'cog wheel k are such that half a revolution ofothe gearing-ring willoperate the cord-twister suiiiciently to secure the band; the gearingring must, theiefore, in the present instance, be connected with therin g-carrier while the two are turned together .a complete revolution, for-' -the purpose of encircling the gavel with the compressing-strap and the binding material; then the gearing-ring must be disconnected from the ring-carrier and" turned backward .half a revolutionto secure the band; after which the gearing-ring must he reconnected with the ring-carrier, so that the -.two may be ready to be'moved forward together-for the purpose oioperatingupontlie succeeding gavel of graiht This alternateconnection and disconnection is effected inthe present-instance in the following manner; The gearing-ring is provided with two projections or stops, n n, and with two spring-latches, n n, the stops being arranged diametrically opposite each other, and the spring-latches the same way. Each step is arranged to engage alternately with a spring-catch secured to the ring-carrier, and the adjacent spring-latchis arranged to engage at'the same time witha stop secured to the ring-carrierV In order to simplifythemachine, the detent B of the detachable strap-holder, is constructed and arranged to perform the function of the spring-catch on the ring-carrier, one of its heads, I), being :so formed (as seen at figs. l1 and 14) that the stop can depress it; and pass by it when the gearing-ring is turned in av backward direction, but pr'esentin'g a square projection to engage with the face of the stop when the ring-carrier is turhed. forwards i For the same reason the lever J of i the cord-twister is arranged to performthe function of the stop upon the ring-carrier, itsshank being so located that when either latch n n of the gearing-ring K is borne 'agninst it, when that ring is turned backward, the further movement of the gearing-ring is in that direction stopped. Wheuthe ring-carrier andits appurtenances are robe turned to apply-the compressing-strap and the band,- to the-gavel, the connecting and disconnecting i'istrumcntsloccupy the positions in which they are represented at fig. 14, onset the stops .n of the gearing-ring engaging with the head of the detent B and the adjacent spring-latch n engaging with the opposite side of theshank z'ofthe opening-lever l'so that the gearing-ring and ring-carrier are then connected together. .The. distance between the head of the detent and-the opening-lever, and the distance between the stop n. and the head of the spring-latch n, are so proportioned that'when the stop n is engaged with the detent B the opening-lever isborne towards the latter by theaction of the spring-latch, so as to hold the jaws-of'the cord-twister open for the reception of the band; hence the spring-latch n, in addition to its other functions, note also as a catch to hold the jaws of the cord-twister open. In order that the gearing-ring may be "disconnected from the ringcarrier, an arm, .M,. is secured to one of the ring-frames of the binding apparatusin the properposition to act upon the shank of thespring-latch n as the ring-carrier approaches, its stopping'an .starting point;' and as the gearing-ring is alternately-moved in opposite directions, the shanks of the springcatches are inclined in two directions so that theywill pass the-arm M without shock. 'When the gearing-ring is'm oved in aforward direction with the ring-carrier, and the two approach their stopping point, the pressure of the arm M upon the spring-latch disengages it fromthc shank '1. of the-opening-lever J, thus disconnecting the 'gearing ring from the ring-carrier, and at the same time permitting the jaws of the cord-twister to close. Then, as the stop at and,- detent 13 hold the gearing-ring from turning in-a forward direction-onl y,-tbe gearing-ring may be turned.back-, ward half a revolution until the otbfor stop't and its adjacent spring-latch n engage with the detentB nnd' shank i of th'e'openingrlever to reconnect-"the gearing-ring with the ring-carrier, andntthe same timeto'open the cord-twister to release the band it has operated upon, and to holdthe cord-twister open for the :reception' of the band of the next gavel. As the stop at, in passing the detent to engage with-itslhesd, inovesalong: its

inclined fuce, the detent is moved by the pressure of the stop seas to release the strap-holder and permit it to turn' for the purpose of lettingloose the compressing-strap; and when the stop passes the head of the detent to engage with .it, the detent being moved outward by its spring, deta'ins the'strap-hoider in tho position required to seize and hold'the head of the compressing-strap, (as beforedescribed-lsoas to be readytojbe carried around the nex'tgavel.-' h 1 7 In order to stop the-ring-carrier when it hus'coinpleted a revolution around th'e gavel, al stch, N, is prodided for the carrier, and a stop, 0, is secured to the hinder-frame for that latch to engo'ge with. -Moreover, in order to simplify the machine, this latch is combined with themovable jaws of the cord-holder so as to open th'e cord-holder for the reception of the hinding material. In orderto prevent the' ring-carrier' from being' qved.

backward, a second stop-latch, N, is provided for the carrier to engage with the stop upon.'tho binderfame, and

this latch is also combined with the cordholder and the shear-blades, so that it sheets the closing ,of the former upon the binding material; and the severing it by'the latter.- For these purposes'theforward-stop letoh is pivoted-directly to the slide I that is connected with the movable'jaw c of the cord-holder, (which jaw, as before described, carries the movable shear-blade e.) The hneliwardstop-latch N. has the form of nlever whio b'is pivoted to' the ring-carrier, and has stitsinner end a finger or pin which engages in a slot'in the slideI When the movable jaw of tho cord-holderis closed, (which is the case when the ring-carrier is ready tocoininence its revolution around the gavel,) the backward stop-latch N stands radicllyto tbe ring-carrier with its and projecting beyondtherim of the carrier, (as seen at fig; 2,) and in a position to be borne against the under side of the ,stop 0, when 1 the ring-carrier approaches its stopping-point afthe'close ofits revolution, the position of the) parts being then that shown at fig. 3 ;';hence the pressure ofthe-stop 0 upon the stop-latch N compels it to} turn, and to move the slidel in the dirotion of the arrow in fig. 2, so as to" open the cord-holder at the same' 7 time, As the foi'ward stop latch N is pivoted to the samefslideL- it is'also' niovedin the direction of the arrow} and its inclined s hanfk' nfiifigi 12,) is thereby borne against a projection, a of the ring-carrier, whereby the forward stop 'is causedtotuiin on itsfpivot until its' notched end"proj'ects beyohd tberim ofthe ring-carrier in the properposition tof-enjgage with the'stoplO, as shown at fig. .When the. parts are in thesepositions', and

force is appliedto conitinue the t urni ug ofi the ring-carrien thej pressure of the stop 0 against theforward latch-- N compels-it andytbeisiide l, {to-which it is pi,voted,) and'themevabl e-jew of the cord-holder to move upon the ring-carrier, or' more correctly. te -remain at rest whilethe ring-earr ier" moves slightly forward, by which means;

:the movable jaw of thejjto'rd-holder is 'closed, -the shear-blade idealised-t0. sever the binding material, and at the 7 some time the bael ward-stop-latch N is again turned outward, 'so that" it is in position to engage with the stop} 0 and prevent the backward {movement of: therin'g-cnrrier when 'the gearing-ring is turned =baokward. In ordeito permit the babkward-stop-latch "to "turn toabis position,- the stop'O is inade'in twop'arts, one of whieh,-. a, .is

, hinged to the other, which is fixe'drso that the hinged part can yield to permit the -backward stop-latch to project, and when in the eontinued..; forward movement of the ring-carrier, (required. to close the cord-holder,) the stop-latch passes by the movable part of the stop, the latter is returned to its phiee by means of a spring, 0, so as to be in position to stop' the backward movement of the ring-carrier. When the gearing-ringis moveni'back wind it tends to move the ring-carrier with it.=".lhis tendency is inade use of to disengage the forward sto -latch .N from the stop 0.; For this purpose the breadth of the stop 0 is made less than the distance between the adjacent faces of the two stop-latches N N when hoth are projected beyond the rim of the ring-carrier; hence the ring-carrieris permitted to move backward (before the backward stop-latch N comes in conthct with thestop O) suflieientlyto'disengage the forward-stop therefrom, whereupon the latter is immediately turned inward out of the range :of 'the stop by the action of a spring, n,-applied to its curved shank, so that there is then no obstacle to theiorward increment of the ring-carrier. l l V p When'the msehihelis first-started, the end of the binding material must be'engagod in the cord-holder. In order that thelatter maygbe readily opened for this purpose,'a hand-lever, P, is pivoted to the slide-bar I, with -its shank slotted to fr'egeive a pin, a, which is secured to the ring-carrier, and acts as a gulerum on .which the hand-lever may be turnedfor the purpose of moving the slide-bur I, and thus opening the cord-holder for the reception of the end ofthe'binding material. The gearing-ring is turned by means ofith e'cog-ivheel K fitted to the shaft L, whicb is supported by bearings upon the frame of the apparatus, and is fitted with crank-handles Q Q, to whic'lh'the hands of the operator are applied; and, as the turning-of the gearing-ring operates all ofthe members of the machine, the operator is not required to shift his hands fromo'ne handle to another forthe purpose of operating different members offthe binding meebanismi.

' The binding material is wound upon the spool G, which is controlled (as described by me in a previous patent) by the ring-carrier. For this purpose it is mounted upon a spindle secured to a swinging arm, G, which" is pressed towards thering-carrier by a spring, 9, so that the rim of one of the spool-hesds is borne against the rim"of the ring-carrier. The binding material, also, is wound upon the'spool in such direction tbat the tendency I of the ring-carrier to turn the spool by frictional contact tends to wind up the bin-ding material. Hence, when-,

ever any slack of binding material is given up'during the operation of binding, that slack is immediately rewound on the spool; .and, on the other hand, the frietional'contact of the spool-head and ring-cnrriorexerts' the necessary tension upon the binding material when it is being applied to thegavel. The material is guided in its passage to the cord-holder by means of a cord-guide, H, which holds it opposito tbe track of the cords.

holder; This cord-guide has the form oi an inverted V, one leg of, which is secured to the swinging-Misfit; while the other log it is free, so that the binding material can be residilyintroduced into the crctch of theguids. .lhe binding material is prevented from escaping from the guidsby means of a spring-gate, k, which yields .to permit its insertion'into' the crotch, and then 'closes the passage thereto. v

Inorder that the binding material may be'prevented-from rising and escaping the grasp of the cord-holder when the latter passes up from beneath it during the completion ofthe-rev'olution, a shield-plate, H, is arranged at the inner side of the ring-frame of the apps-clans, with-a projection or tongue, d, at its lower side to catch and, retain the binding material in such position that it is compelled to enter the cord-holder when the latter rises. Whcn the cord-holder and compressing-strap are carried around the gavel, the compression ofthe gavel during the first portion ofthe revolution of the ring-carrier permits the binding material to eutend across the opening of the ring-cari'ienso that it passes -beneath thelevel of theprojection a? at the shield-plate; andin I order to facilitate this passage the, inner-edge of the shield-plate is sloped, so as to guide the binding material,

' to the point pf its tongue. When the cord-twister and cord-holder are raised (as-they approach-the end of their revolution) beneath this binding material extending. from the uppenside of the gavel to the cord-gnidc H, the passage of the material over the arbor and mitre-wheels oi the cord-twister, and into the cord-guide, is insured byinclined guards S S, which are'secured'to the adjacent sides of the ring-carrier E.

In the operation oiisecnring theband it is expedient that some slack of binding material should be yielded up as the securinglproceeds end that the shield-plate H should be withdrawn from the band after it has been secured. Both of theseopcrations are ellectod by arrungingthe shield-plate to slide upon the periphery of the ring-frameof the binding apparatus, and by connecting it with the mechanism that controls its position; For

this purpose the upperend'of the shield-plate is connected by a rod, h, with a swinging-arm, it, fitted at its.

' endwith u friction-wheel, 'kflwhich is borne by the action of a spring,k ,'towards the axis of the shaft L, which,

, as before described, is supported in bearings above the ring-carrier," and is fitted with aocog-wheel, K, whose te'etll engage with thosc'of the ring or cogteeth formed upon the gearing-ring K. The shaft is fitted with 5 crank-handles Q, to which the hands of the operator areapplied, so that this shaft is, in fact, the drivingshai'tfof the binding mechanism. The cog-wheel K is an cxaot'divisor of the ring of cog-teeth upon the gcaringring, (in this instance being onehalf of itsodiameteiy) so that the cog-wheel is always in the same position when the gearing-ring and the ring-carrier, (with its appurtenances,) with which-itis connected, complete their revolution. v I I h I Iniorder to control the position of the 's hieldplate H the drivlng-shaft'is provided with a disk, 1, having cam'rims t t upon it, against which the friction-wheel of the swingingarm h is borne by the spring h. These cam rims arc'of different lengths, and are conn'ec't'edby a sp1'ing-switch, i The cpm rims and switch hrs so arranged that when the ring-carrier and-its appurtenances are ready to start, the wheel of the swinging-arm occupies the position in which it is represented at fig, 1, between the hub of the cam disk and the heel of the switch hence, when the camdisk is'tnrned with the driving-shaft,.in the direction of the arrows in fig 1, for

1 the purpose of turning the ring, carr-iedand causing the cordholder to pass around the gavel, the friction-wheel kfand "the shield-plate H retain their positions near the hub t of the cam rims until the driving-shaft has made a complete revolution, when the heel of the switch it passing between them causes the friction-wheel to be moved out to the outer cam rim .t, and the shield-plate H (with which the friction-ring is connected) tobe depressed to" itslowe'st position for holding the binding material As the cog-wheel is one-half of-thc diameter 'oi the ringof teeth of the gearing-ring, this operation is not effected unt'il the cord-holder has madchalf of a revolution. The parts retain these positions until the driving-shaft completes its second revolution, which takes place just after the cord-guide has passed up beneath and received the binding material, and the cordtwisthr hasclosed upon it, when the end of jthe onter cam rim t, passing by the friction-wheel it, permits it to bemoved by the spring' h to the inner cog-rim t, as seen at This movement raises the shield-plate H so as to yieldup p, portion of the binding material; hence, when the gearing-rim is turned backward to turn the cord twister, sufii0ient slack binding materiahis furnished for the operation of the band-secnringinstr-u "ment; Tl1e gearing-ring is turned backward by reversing the movement 'of'the cog-wheel K and'driving-shaft L, or, in other words, by turning them in the oppositedirection to that indicated by the arrows in fig. 1. During the -gl'eater, part of this backward movement the shield-plate is heldstationary by the action of the inner cam rim t upon the friction-wheel 11 but a little before its completion the switch t reaches the friction wh eel, and'pcrmits the latter to pass inwards to the hub of the cain'dislcfronr'ivliich it started, by which movement the shield-plate H is withdrawn (by the action of the spring 71) from the band, and the short double portion twisted by the cord-twister is'pcrmitted to twist upon the adjacent portion surrounding the sheaf. The shield-plate is thus left in its raised position, and the friction-wheel in the posit-ion represented at fig. 1, ready for the binding'of' the next succeeding gavel. Asit is desirable that the tongue of the shield-plate should not intorferein any manner with the application ofv the binding material to the gavel, provision is made to withdraw it laterally to the track of the binding material befdre the cord is applied, andto hold it out of the way until the cord-holder has made a suficient part of its revolution to permit the binding" material to extend across the ring-carrier boneathzthe. level of the projection or 'tongue d." For. this purpose the shield-plate is connected with the frame of the machine by bolts 'v v passing through slots w w in the shield-plate, one of which is skewed, so that when" the shield-plate is'raiscd by the spring (as before described) it is compelled by the fclrm of. the .slot to withdraw laterally from the track of the binding materiah thereby afi'ording a free passage to the latter; as when the shield-plate is depressed (as before described) by the action'of the switch of the cam rims, it is at the same'timecompelled by the form of the slot to mov'e'l aterally across the track of the binding. material and obc'upy the positionin which it is represented in dotted linesin figs'l,untiitliehsnd-eecuring instrument has seised the band, when the Ifoim of com rim permits the shield-plate to rise to the position in 7. which it is reprcsentcd in continuous lines in fig. 7. V I1: will'thus-hc seen that the shield-plate, 'by'its notched pro ection' or tongue, affords a complete bar to the escape of the band from the band-'sednringjinstrument or the cord-holder during the completion of the movement of the latter around the gar sh The, arrangement for moving the shield-plate laterally, and its connection witlrthe binding apparatus, may pfcourse,.be reatly varied without materially changing itsmode of, operation'.- v

Although I have found it expedient in the above-described machine to shake the drivin -wheel K half the diameter'of the ring-ofteeth on the gearing-ring K, this proportion is'not'essentia-l, as it may be one-third of other equal divisor of the ring-,as found expedient. Soalsoit'is not essential that" there should be two stops and two latches on the' gearing-ring, for if the operation ofthe. band-securing instrument requires, more than half a revolution of the gearing-ring for its operation, but one stop and one latch :may'baiised, and if the operation require less than half a revolution, three or more steps and latches maybe used/In the abovedescribed mechanism the gearing-ring is. the means of transmitting power from the'driving-shaft to the ring carrijer, and formsthc connection 'betweenjthe two, that'connectionib'eing made orbroke n, as-beforedescribed, but-it is not essential to certain material parts of my invention that the members of the binding mechanism should be so arranged that the driving-shaft and gearing-ring must be moved backwards whilethe band is being secured, as they maybe so arranged that the securing of the band may beeiiected' by. a; continuous forward movement of the driving-shaft or gearing-ring, these being disconnected fr'om't'he ring-carrier'and connected" with the band-securing instrument during thesecur'ingof theiban'd. It is also not essential to certainmaterial parts of my invention that the connecting and disconnecting mechanism between driving shaft and th t-m carrier should perform other, functions as hereinbefore described, as certain parts of my invention will he used even if special connecting and disconnecting mechanism be employed. So also it is not essential to certain material partsof my invention that the stop mechanism should perform other functions as before described, as

special stop mechanism may be used, and the cortFholdcr may be.opene d and closed by devices specially adapted to those purposes. It is also not essential to certain material partsof my'inv'ention that the instru'merit used for securing the band should -be a cord-twister, as some other instrument maybe used, and yet theprinciple'of connecting and disconnecting that instrument and the ring-carrier with the same driving shaft, sothat both may be operated thereby, and that the band-securing instrument may be,'made to do its work while it and the ringcarrier" are at rest, may be preserved in the binding mechanism, It is also not essential to certain parts of my invention that the combining mechanism between the driving-shaft and ring-carrier or itsequivalent, (and the memberscarried thereby or connected therewith,) should contain a gearing-ring encircling the position of the -ga.vel, (although I prefer to use that instrument, and claim its'adaptation to binding apparatus,) because several material parts of my invention may be used by employing combining mechanism that does not contain such a -gearingsring. ,It is clear, therefore, that some parts of my invention may be used without others, an dalso' .that the machinery "may be modified as the peculiar. views of manufacturers or users may render expedient.

. In the foregoing desoription I have spoken of cord 'as the binding materialgbut wire may be used in place of cord if deem edexpedient. So also I have for convenience spoken of one. part of the machine being above another, because they happen to be so arranged in the machine, but'it is clear that the mode of operation of my apparatus would not be changed if it were turned upside down, sothat parts which at certain periods'of' the binding are now above others would have their relative positions-reversed.

Having thus described a binding apparatus embodying all my improvements, Ideclare that I do not claim tofhavle invented the pecnliar'cord-holder hereinbefore described, consisting of two serrated ribbed jaws, and

provided with a belay hook, that instrument being the invention of Jacob Beliel'; but whatII claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Detters Patent, is-

jTh arrangement, in binding apparatus, of the'b and securing instrument and compressing-strap holder at opposite sides of the ring-carrier, substantially as-set forth.

I also claim the combination, in bindingapparatus, of the jaws of the cord-holder with a shear-blade, substantially as set forth. g V I also claims. cord-twister for binding apparatus, composed of an arbor and jaws, one of which is movable towards and from the other in the direction of the length of the arbor, substantially asset forth. s i I also claim the combination, in bi-ndingapparatua of the following instrumentalities, via, the ring-carrier, driving-shaft thereofiband-securing instrument, and'connecting and'disconnecting mechanism, all operating in the combination substantially as set forth. I a i l I also'ola-im the combinntiom in binding apparatus, of the following instruments, viz, the band-securing instrument, ring-carrier,gearing-ring, anrd connecting and disconnecting mechanism, all operating in t c combination substantially as set forth. v I i I also claim the combination, in binding apparatus, of the followinginstrumentalities, viz, the band-securing instrum ent a'nd gearing-ring, the latter operating the former, substantially as set forth. Ialso claim the combination, in binding. apparatus,.of the following instrumentalities, via, a detachable strap-holder, detent therefor, gearing-ring, and ring-carrier, all operating in the combinationsubstantially as set forth. i

- I also claim the combination, in binding apparatus,-o'f the following instrumentalities, viz, a detachable strap-holder, detenttherefor, ring-carrier, and driving-shaft therefor, all operating in the combination substan: tially as set forth. I I

I also claim the combination, in binding apparatus,.of the following instrumentalities, viz the appurtenance of the baud-securing instrument, gearing-ring, and ring-carrier, all operating in the combination substantially as set forth. Y i

.I also claim the combination, in binding apparatus, of the following instrumentaliticsyilia, theappurtenance of the henrl eecnring instrument, ring-carrier, end driving-shoft thereof, all operating in the combination sub-- stonti'clly as set forth. v I

1' also claim the combination, in binding apparatus, of the following instrumentalities, lIiZ, the latch of the connecting mechanism of the ring-carrier and. hand-securing instrnment, the former operating upon the letter snhstentieily asset forth,

i also claim the combination, in binning eppe'mtuswf the following instrumentalities, viz, the goofing-ting,

the detent of a detachable strep-holder, the detachable Shep-holder, ring-carrier, and connecting and disconnecting mechanism, all cheretiug in-the combination substantially as setforth.

I also claim the combination of the stop mechanism of a, ting-carrier, and the cord-holder of binding apparatus, in such. manner that the first instrumentelity operates the second, substantially as set forth. I

I also claim the'combination of the stop mechanism of e ring-carrieiand the shear-blade of a binding apparetns, substantially as set forth. i

I also claim the combination of the stop-latches of the ring-cenrier of e binding apparatus, with a. stop formecl of parts, one of which is mos-able, the whole operetingsubstentiually as set forth. i i

I also claim the combination of the movable jaw of the'bend-securing instrument of a binding eppsratus with a hsn'dJever, so that it may be readily opened, suhstsntiallyee set forth.

I also claim the guide for the binding metefiel, consisting su'bstentially of a \/-formed instrument cud gate, substantially as set forth; I Y

I also claim the combination in bintling' apperstus of the tongue thetretains the binding materielinthe track of the movable instrument that is'to seize it, with the driving-sheft of the epparatus through the intervention of spam, substantially as set forth.

I also claim the coinhinetion of the tongue that retains the binding material, with the cord-carrier, in such manner that the former maybe moved laterally to the track of the binding materiel to remove it from its path at one period and to insert it in its path at another in the operation of binding, substantially asset forth.

' In witness whereof I have hereto set myhend this 29th day of August, A. D. 1866. I

SOLOMON T. HOLLY.

Witnesses:

J. W. HALL, S. Risms. 

